Rise of Arbitration in India Arbitration has emerged as a vital tool for resolving commercial disputes in India. It offers businesses a faster, private alternative to overburdened courts. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, modelled on the UNCITRAL framework, provides the legal backbone and emphasizes party autonomy under Section 5. Central to this system is the arbitration agreement, which must clearly empower a tribunal to decide disputes. Courts often scrutinize it

THE EMERGING VERTICAL PROPERTY CARD IN MAHARASHTRA AND ITS COMPARATIVE GLOBAL FRAMEWORK Maharashtra is on the verge of a landmark reform in urban property governance with the introduction of the Vertical Property Card (VPC) a new digital property record designed to reflect flat-wise ownership and land share for individual apartment owners. Under the current system, official land records (such as the 7/12 extract and property cards) list only the land-holding entity typically

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has introduced a notable change to the definition of a “Small Company” under the Companies Act, 2013. Through the Companies (Specification of Definition Details) Amendment Rules, 2025 effective 1 December 2025, the financial thresholds used to identify such companies have been substantially enhanced. This revision is intended to meaningfully reduce compliance obligations for a wider segment of India’s corporate sector and support the Go

In a significant move aimed at enhancing the ease of doing business for Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs), the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has amended the AIF Regulations, 2012 through its notification dated 19 November 2025. The amendments introduce a tailored regulatory framework for Accredited Investor–only schemes (AI-only schemes) and provide substantial operational relaxations for Large Value Funds (LVFs). 1.        Introduction of AI-Only AIF Scheme

India has now brought into force a major overhaul of its labour law framework by implementing four new Labour Codes on November 21, 2025. With this reform, the Central Government has merged 29 separate labour laws into four streamlined codes: the Code on Wages, the Code on Social Security, the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, and the Industrial Relations Code. The intent behind this consolidation is to remove duplication, simplify compliance, and creat

India’s insolvency framework is poised for a significant transformation with the introduction of the Creditor-Initiated Insolvency Resolution Process (CIIRP) under the newly proposed Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Bill, 2025. It is important to note that this amendment is currently only a proposed law and has not yet been enacted. The Bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha during the Monsoon Session and has been referred to a Select Committee of Parliament for furth

The Reserve Bank of India has released a fresh set of rules dealing with co-lending partnerships between regulated financial institutions. These new norms, issued through the RBI (Co-Lending Arrangements) Directions, 2025, are meant to streamline how banks and NBFCs work together while lending to customers. They replace the 2020 co-lending circular and set out a more structured approach for future arrangements.   The updated framework applies to commercial banks (with the exc

In a significant ruling delivered in Suo Motu Writ Petition (Criminal) No. 2 of 2025 , the Supreme Court of India has discussed the crucial protection afforded to attorney-client communications. The judgment emphasizes that an individual’s ability to seek legal advice must remain free from undue intrusion by investigative agencies. The case arose from a loan dispute filed at Odhav Police Station, following which the accused’s lawyer secured bail before the Sessions Court. Sub

India has taken a major step towards formal regulation of its fast-growing online gaming sector with the enactment of the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025 (“the Act”) and the release of the Draft Rules, 2025 (“the Draft Rules”). Together, these instruments aim to define what constitutes lawful online gaming, safeguard users, and establish a clear oversight mechanism. While the Act seeks to encourage innovation in e-sports and social gaming, it draws a firm

EPC Constructions Limited (“EPCC”) accepted an issuance of 8% Cumulative Redeemable Preference Shares (“CRPS”) from Matix Fertilizers and Chemicals Limited (“Matix”) in August 2015 in lieu of outstanding receivables, with an aggregate allotment of about INR 250 crores and a contractual redemption timeline, after which EPCC’s insolvency professional demanded redemption and filed a Section 7 IBC application when Matix disputed liability. The NCLT dismissed the application and t

In Varun Tyagi v. Daffodil Software Private Limited  (CM APPL. No. 36613 of 2025), the Delhi High Court once again examined the enforceability of restrictive covenants in employment contracts. The Court reaffirmed that non-compete clauses that operate after termination of employment are void under Section 27 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872. Background In the case under discussion, a software professional who had earlier worked on a government technology project resigned and

When a person passes away, their property, money, and other belongings need to be lawfully transferred to their legal heirs or beneficiaries. The Indian Succession Act, 1925 (“ Act ”), provides three key instruments to regulate this process. Probate, Letter of Administration, and Succession Certificate. Each serves a distinct purpose in ensuring that the estate of the deceased is distributed according to law.   Probate A Probate is a certified copy of a will issued by a court

Background The appellant, Novenco Building and Industry A/S, initiated a patent and design infringement suit before the Delhi High Court, alleging that the respondents were unlawfully manufacturing and selling products that violated its registered intellectual property rights. Along with the suit, the appellant sought urgent interim injunctions to restrain ongoing infringement. The High Court, however, declined to entertain the interim relief application and directed the appe

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has provided relief to Angel Funds by extending the timeline for disclosing a defined methodology for investment allocation among participating investors. SEBI had earlier amended the SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (“AIF Regulations”) through the Second Amendment Regulations, 2025, which were notified on September 9, 2025, introducing a revised regulatory framework for Angel Funds. Pursuant to these amen

PART A: THE CONCEPT BEHIND PIT REGULATIONS   · Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) has been established under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (“SEBI Act”) with the principal objects of a) protecting the interests of investors in securities ; and b) promoting the development of, and regulating, the securities market, and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. · To achieve the above stated objectives, over a period of time, SE

I. Introduction   In a significant move aimed at enhancing confidentiality in the Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) process, the...

The legal framework in India imposes various restrictions and disqualifications on individuals adjudged as insolvent. Insolvency applies...

Introduction The Bombay High Court’s recent ruling has brought significant clarity on the applicability of Goods and Services Tax (GST)...

o   Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is advancing at an unprecedented pace, revolutionizing industries and fundamentally...

The Securities and Exchange Board of India ( SEBI ) has introduced significant amendments to the Alternative Investment Funds ( AIF )...